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المحاضرة الثامنة

Macbeth

William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

The greatest sonneteer in the Renaissance career
he born in the street in the Villagenot far from London he studied in the grammar school like
ascender school after that he left to London and in London he started working as
actor in actor company Was recorded the texts plying And writes them
after that he became a famous actor and simple of the National English hero

Macbeth Plot Summary :

King Duncan's generals, Macbeth and Banquo, encounter three strange women on a bleak Scottish moorland on their way home from quelling a rebellion. The women prophesy that Macbeth will be given the title of Thane of Cawdor and then become King of Scotland, while Banquo's heirs shall be kings. The generals want to hear more but the weird sisters disappear. Duncan creates Macbeth Thane of Cawdor in thanks for his success in the recent battles and then proposes to make a brief visit to Macbeth's castle.

Lady Macbeth receives news from her husband of the prophecy and his new title and she vows to help him become king by any means she can. Macbeth's return is followed almost at once by Duncan's arrival. The Macbeths plot together and later that night, while all are sleeping and after his wife has given the guards drugged wine, Macbeth kills the King and his guards
Lady Macbeth leaves the bloody daggers beside the dead king. Macduff arrives and when the murder is discovered Duncan's sons, Malcolm and Donalbain flee, fearing for their lives, but they are nevertheless blamed for the murder.

Macbeth is elected King of Scotland, but is plagued by feelings of guilt and insecurity. He arranges for Banquo and his son, Fleance to be killed, but the boy escapes the murderers. At a celebratory banquet Macbeth sees the ghost of Banquo and disconcerts the courtiers with his strange manner. Lady Macbeth tries to calm him but is rejected.

Macbeth seeks out the witches and learns from them that he will be safe until Birnam Wood comes to his castle, Dunsinane. They tell him that he need fear no-one born of woman, but also that the Scottish succession will come from Banquo's son.
Macbeth embarks on a reign of terror and many, including Macduff's family are murdered, while Macduff himself has gone to join Malcolm at the court of the English king, Edward. Malcolm and Macduff decide to lead an army against Macbeth.

Macbeth feels safe in his remote castle at Dunsinane until he is told that Birnam Wood is moving towards him. The situation is that Malcolm's army is carrying branches from the forest as camouflage for their assault on the castle. Meanwhile Lady Macbeth, paralysed with guilt, walks in her sleep and gives away her secrets to a listening doctor. She kills herself as the final battle commences.

Macduff challenges Macbeth who, on learning his adversary is the child of a Ceasarian birth, realises he is doomed. Macduff triumphs and brings the head of the traitor to Malcolm who declares peace and is crowned king.

Significance:

Macbeth’s soliloquy in Act 2. scene1.33-61 is significant because of what it reveals to the audience about Macbeth’s character, this is conveyed through vocabulary, imagery, his attitude and development and Lady Macbeth’s actions. It is also significant because of the way in which it creates tension. This is conveyed through the presence of supernatural, vocabulary and references to historical events and theme.

Mood: the prevailing emotions of a work or of the author in his or her creation of

the work. The mood of a work is not always what might be expected based on its

Subject matter. The mood could be melancholic, sad, confident, pessimistic or

optimistic.

Parable: a story intended to teach a moral lesson or answer an ethical question. In

the West, the best examples of parables are those of Jesus Christ in the New

Testament, notably “The parable of the Talent.”

Allusion: a reference within a literary text to some person, place, or event outside

the text In his poem, On His Blindness, Milton alludes or refers to the BibleIn line 3

to 6 of that poem Milton, for example, allude to the "Parable of the Talents" in Chapter 25 of the Gospel of Matthew, verses 14 to 30.
Soliloquy : in DRAMA, a MONOLOGUE in which a character appears to be thinking

out loud,

thereby communicating to the audience his inner thoughts and feelings.

It differs from an ASIDE, which is a brief remark directed to the audience. In

performing a soliloquy, the actor traditionally acts as though he were talking to

himself, although some actors directly address the audience.

The soliloquy achieved its greatest effect in English RENAISSANCE drama.

When employed in modern drama, it is usually as the equivalent of the INTERIOR

MONOLOGUE in FICTION.

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