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العلماء وتعاريفهم
[أسئلة مراجعة مجهود شخصي - ترجمة الانماط النصية - د يحيى ربابعه]
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عدد الأسئلة: 19

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1) Translation is often regarded as a project for transferring meaning from one language to another -

Farghal

Brislin

2) translation is the general term referring to the transfer of th oughts and ideas from one language ) to another (target), whether the languages are in written or oral from : whether the languages have established orthographies or do not have such standardization or whether one or both language is based on signs, as with sign languages of the deaf - regard

munday

Brislin

3) the term "translation" can refer to : - the general subject field - the product ( the text that gad been translation ) - the process ( the act of producing the translation

munday

Farghal

4) Translation studies is now understood to refer to the academic discipline concerned with the study of translation at large, including literary and non-literary translation, various forms of oral interpreting as well as dubbing and subtitling

Brislin

Baker

5) All the previous mentioned definitions of the term "translation" talk about two key words : - Transfer(interlingual communication ) - meaning (denotative and connotative

Baker

Dickins

Brislin

6) according to their rhetorical purposes argumentative, expositive and instruction – based ) classified text types

Ian Maso & Basil Hatim

Brislin

Dickins

7) It is obvious that not all texts are the same type. We may distinguish between political texts, legal texts and medical texts; fairy tales, novels and short stories differ from newspaper reports, essays and scientific papers; food recipes, instructions booklets and advertisements may show similarities but they are not the same, expository texts differ from argumentative texts, etc. All these types of text differ in ways that are somewhat obvious, intuitively, but which nevertheless invite detailed analysis

Dickins

Trosborg

8) Many authors tried to define "translation " " - Rendering the meaning of text into another language in the way that the author intended the text ." " author= the originator the text whether it is oral or written " - "تقديم معنى النص إلى لغة أخرى في الطريقة التي يقصد المؤلف النص " . " المؤلف = المنشئ النص سواء كانت شفوية أو مكتوبة

Peter Newmark

Brislin

9) Few texts are purely expressive informative or vocative: most include all three functions, with an emphasis on one of the three" ( Newmark,1988: 42 ) " عدد قليل من النصوص هي معبرة او بالمعلومات أو ندائي : معظم تشمل جميع الوظائف الثلاث ، مع التركيز على واحدة من ثلاث "

Trosborg

Peter Newmark

10) depends on Buhler’s functions of language to deal with text types. According to Buhler, there are-------- language functions

three

two

11) depends on Buhler’s functions of language to deal with text types. According to Buhler, there are three language functions

Informative

Vocative

Expressive

all them

12) Vocative ---

Readership

topic of knowledge

Originator writer

13) Informative ---

topic of knowledge

Originator writer

Readership

14) Expressive --

Readership

topic of knowledge

Originator writer

15) views the text, rather than the word or sentence, as the level at which communication is achieved and at which equivalence must be sought

Katharina Reiss

Buhler’s

16) Katharina Reiss links the three functions to their corresponding language dimensions and to the text types or communicative situations in which they are used

Operative المنطوق + Expressive معبر+Informative إعلامي+Audiomedial texts

Audiomedial texts only

17) the term “text type” is often used in a similar sense of “ genre .” ---------------------------------------- opted for using the term “genre” instead of “text type

Higgins

Dickins, Hervey and Higgins

18) Dickins, Hervey and Higgins distinguished------- broad categories of “genre

five

four

19) Literary Genres : Religious Genres : ****** Philosophical Genres : ***** Empirical Genres : Persuasive Genres

text type

language type

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