صباح الخير
 

القطعه الاولى

“English is probably changing faster than any other language,” says Alan Firth, a linguist at the University of Aalborg in Denmark, “because so many people are using it.” More than 1 billion people are believed to speak some form of English. For every native speaker there are three nonnative speakers. Three-quarters of the world’s mail is in English and four-fifths of electronic information is stored in English. As more nonnative speakers converse with each other, hundreds of … varieties of English are taking on a life of their own around the world. But the uncontrolled, global germination of so many “Englishes” has some worried. English purists, led by Britain’s Prince Charles, bemoan the degradation of the language as they see it. Multiculturalists, meanwhile, say the … spread of English effectively commits “linguistic genocide” by killing off dozens other languages. These differing views lead to the question: Is the world taking English by storm or is English taking the world by storm?

Tom McArthur, editor of the Oxford Companion to the English Language, says that in 20 to 30 countries around the world, English is merging with native languages to create hybrid Englishes. “The tensions between standard English and hybrid Englishes are going to become very, very great,” says Mr. McArthur, who calls the process neither good nor bad. “We are going to have to keep on our toes. Some standard form of English [should be maintained] … as a tool of communication.”

Danish Professor Firth, who studies conversations between nonnative speakers when they conduct business, says businessmen tend to .. use simplified grammar, and develop and use their own English terms to cut a deal. “People develop their own ways of doing business with each other, of talking and even writing … that native speakers might not understand,” Firth says. “And native speakers join in and start to speak that way also.”

But those who seek to preserve native cultures warn that in many parts of the world, English is taking more than it is giving. Some linguists attending the 1995 Global Culture Diversity conference held in Sydney last month warned of accelerating global language “linguicide.” Schools in former European colonies still use English or French to assimilate ethnic populations, eradicating dozens of native languages, they warn.

Oxford Companion editor McArthur says the spread of English can’t be halted. The globalization of the world, mostly driven by economics, is inevitable. “It’s the [world’s] need for a unified language of trade, politics, and culture,” he says. “We’re going to lose a lot of languages around the world, but if it’s not English, it’s something else.”

الاسئلة :

1- According to the article, how many people probably speak English:
a- Three-fourths of the world
b- Four-fifths of the world
c-More than 1 billion people
d- One in three people


2- Two group of people with differing views are
a- Purists and multiculturalist
b- Native speakers and nonnative speakers
c- Businessmen and linguists
d- Linguists and multiculturalist


3- People who believe that the spread of English is harming (hurting) English are :
a- Linguists
b- Multiculturalist
c- Purists
d- Editors


4- The article indicates that prince Charles :
a- Leads the English purists
b- Does not like the changes in English language
c- Does not appear to like American English
d- Al of the above


5- Linguicide probably means:
a- The teaching of language
b- The preservation of languages
c- The killing of languages
d- The teaching of linguistic


6- Tom McArthur believes that:
a- English is joining with other languages to create something new
b- It's not necessary to have a standard form of English
c- The spread of English is unavoidable
d- A and b

7
what is the mean idea of the article:
the world taking English by storm or is English taking the world by storm


8
What is the topic sentence of paragraph 3
businessmen tend to simplify English and creat a new language
تقريبا كذا الجمله كانت


9
the article concludes that:
A- learning english is so bad
B-learning English is good
C-learning English is neither good nor bad
الاخيرة نسيتها .. ,والاجابه هنا ما ني متاكد مرة


10
Italics with “linguistic genocide”
- Emphasis
- Foreign word



11-
many people are using english ….. English is changing
- therefore
- as a result
-so
-but


12

people looking for .....globalized language .
-a
-an
-some



13
متى نستخدم while
الاجابه contrast





القطعه الثانية


Education: A Reflection of Society

Visit schools anywhere in the world, and you will probably notice a number of similarities. There are students, teachers, books, blackboards, and exams everywhere. However, a school system in one country is not identical to the system in any other country. It cannot be exactly the same because each culture is different. The educational system is a mirror that reflects the culture. Look at the school system, and you will see the social structure and the values of its culture.

In the United Kingdom (Britain), the educational system reflects the class system. All state schools—primary, secondary, and university—are free, and the first nine years are egalitarian; all students learn the same material. At age eleven, students take an important national exam. After this, they attend one of three possible secondary schools: college preparatory, vocational (for job training), or comprehensive (with both groups of students). However, 6 percent of British students attend expensive private schools. These are students from upper-class families. Half of the students at Oxford and Cambridge universities come from such expensive secondary schools. Although all universities are free, only 1 percent of the lower class goes to university. Because graduates from good universities get the best jobs, it is clear that success is largely a result of one's social class.

Education in the United States is more democratic than in many countries, but it also has serious problems. Public primary and secondary schools are free and almost 80 percent of all Americans are high school graduates. Students themselves decide if they want college-preparatory or vocational classes in high school; no national exam determines this. Higher education is not free, but it is available to almost anyone, and about 60 percent of all high school graduates attend college or university. Older people have the opportunity to attend college, too, because Americans believe that "you're never too old to learn." However, there are also problems in U.S. schools. In many secondary schools, there are problems with lack of discipline and with drugs and crime. In addition, public schools receive their money from local taxes, so schools in poor areas don't have enough money. As a result, they don't have enough good teachers or laboratory equipment, and the buildings are often not in good condition. Clearly, U.S. education reflects both the best and the worst of the society.

It is clear that each educational system is a reflection of the larger culture: its economy, values, social structure, and problems. Look at a country's schools, and you will learn about the society in which they exist.


الاسئلة



14

When do all students learn the same material in UK:
-at the first nine years


15
which of the followings is NOT true:
1% of British students attend expensive private schools.
فيه اجابات ثانيه بس كانت صحيحة موجودة بالقطعه



16
- the underline " It " refers to
. Higher education


17
- the underline " they "refers to
Schools in boor areas


18
in which paragraph there is a country that gives hard exams:
first paragraph
second paragraph
third paragraph
not mentioned in the passage

19
in which paragraph there is a country that offers education to everyone but also has problems
third paragraph


20
in which paragraph there is a country where social class is very important
second paragraph

21
what is the Conclusion of the article
education is as a mirror of a culture
اعتقد كذا الاجابه


22
- determine is close in meaning to:
- to make a decision

- 23
A school system in one country is not identical to the system in any other country.
the same


- 24
Public schools are all both free and egalitarian; all students learn the same material.
equal


25-
equipment
Adv
N
V
Adj


26
- the suffixe al
-having


27
the part of speech of "educational" is
adjective


28
i dont have a good aducation …….. I dont have enogh money.
-because


29
One of the following words begins with a prefix:
a. understand
b. university
c. unique
d. unimportant


30-
was the auther of ......
السؤال هنا طلب اسم الكاتب لكتاب معين
وطلب اداة السؤال :
who
whom
how


31-
- do you exercise a week ? 3 times.......
how often
how long
how


32-
سؤال عن اداه السؤال في سؤال اجابته 3 كيلومتر الخيارات
how often
how long
how far


33
what is the copmarative of " careful"
more careful


34
what is the copmarative of " good"
better than


35-
what is the superlative of bad
the worst


36
-the part of speech of recently
-verb
-noun
-adv
-adj

37
Although used to make :
Differences
اعتقد السؤال صيغته كذا ..



38
كلمه اخرها tion وطلب part of speech
noun


39
We add the suffix …… to (beautify ) to change it into adj
ful


40
We add the suffix …… to (summary) to change it into a verb
ize



41
prefix -non in the word "nonnative" means
not

42
afford means
pay for

43
tuition means
fees - money for school

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صباح النور



اخوي ممكن توضح وش السالفة

رد: صباح الخير
 

والله بالنسبه لي ماني فاهم شي
والخط واللون بعد مو واضح
اكد انك بذلت مجهود لاكن للاسف ماوضح لنا شي

رد: صباح الخير
 

هاذي اسئلة الترم الماضي

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يعطيك ربي الف عافية


اي مادة لو سمحت

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يعافيك القراءات والمطالعات

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اذا تكرمت بس سؤال
من وين جايبها؟
كنا ندورها

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الله يعطيك العافيه ، هذي الي بتجي بالاختبار ؟

رد: صباح الخير