ملتقى طلاب وطالبات جامعة الملك فيصل,جامعة الدمام - تجمع الادب الانجلــيزي فـي الـقرن 17

ذا ملخص للمهم تقريبا

This spirit may be defined as the spirit of observation and of preoccupation with details, and a systematic analysis of facts
تعريفspiritفيمجال العلم اما في مجال الادب
In the field of literature this spirit manifested itself in the form of criticism
و أما في مجال الأدب فقد تجلت فيصيغه النقد والذي يعتبر خُلق في أنجلترا مع القرن السابع عشر .وهي اليادت الي ظهور
One very important and significant feature of this new spirit of observation and analysis was the popularization of the art of biography(
مهمة جات فيالامتحان
The Puritan movement stood for liberty of the people from the shackles of the

despotic ruler as well as the introduction of morality and high ideals in politics
سببينفي قيام حركة البورتانية
ولها هدفان لقيامها
righteousnessand civil and religious liberty
وبمعنى اخر
In other words, it aimed at making men honest and free

وفي أدبالعصر الببيوريتاني , كان ميلتون و هو أحد أبرز أبطال هذه الحركه قد قدم تعابيرادائما و نبيله لخدمتها في أعماله .a most lofty and enduring expression
الشعر البيوريتاني
1-شعر مدرسهسبنسر
2-شعر المدرسهالميتافيزيقيه
3-شعرالفرسان
George Herbert(1593-1633) is the most widely read of all poets belonging to the metaphysical school except Donne. This is due to the clarity of his expression and the transparency of his conceits. In his religious versethere is simplicity as well as natural earnestness. Mixed with the didactic strain there is also a current of quaint humor in his poetry.
مولده وفاته مهمة وخصائصهوفي شعره الديني ايش يتميز

جورج هيربرت : (1593-1633) أكثر الشعراء قراءه من بين جميعالشعراء الذين ينتمون للمدرسه الميتفايزيقية بعد دن Donne. و هذا يعود لصفاء و وضوح تعابيرهو شفافيه مفاهيمه . في شعره الديني توجد بساطه و جديه يتخللها أهداف تعليمية ممزوجهبالدعابه و الطرافة

Milton His early poetry is lyrical.
جت في الامتحان مهمة
After Shakespeare the drama in England suffered a decline during the reigns of James I and Charles I.
. The Jacobean and Carolinedramatists gave expression to passive suffering and lack of mental and physical vigor.
the Puritans closed the theatres in 1642,
الدراما متت بعد اقفالالمسارح
The greatest dramatist of the Jacobean period was Ben Jonson
Jacobean and Caroline Prose
This period was rich in prose
The great prose writers were Bacon, Burton,Milton, Sir Thomas Browne, Jeremy Taylor and Clarendon
For the first time the great scholars began to write in English rather than Latinجاء سوال في الامتحان
Bible became the supreme example of earlier English prose style- simple, plain and natural.جاء سوال
the period from 1660-1700is called the period of Restoration,because monarchy restored in England, and Charles II , the son ofCharles I

he period from 1660-1700 is called the period of Restoration, because monarchy restored in England, and Charles II , the son of Charles I

. The literature of the Restoration Period emphasized directness and simplicity of expression, counteracted the tendency of exaggeration and extravagance which was encouraged during the Elizabethan and the puritan ages.

كان ادب عصر الأستعاده أو البعثمؤكّداً على بساطه التعابير و مباشرتها , متصدياً للميل الى المبالغات والتضخيم فيالتعبيرات والتي شجعها من قبلهم الكتاب الإليزابيثيين و البيوريتانيين

the restoration writers gave emphasis to reasoning rather than romantic fancy

A-Restoration Poetry

John Dryden(1631) The Restoration period was mostly satirical, realistic and written in the heroic couplet

he made his mark in the fields of poetry drama and prose

The poetry of Dryden can be conveniently divided under three heads- Political Satires, Doctrinal PoemsandThe

the wits who claim our sympathy

Comedy of Manners =

the gulls or the dull ones who arouse our laughter

The end is not the victory of the good over the evil but the witty over the stupidجتفيالامتحان

The Comedy of Manners was the most popular form of drama

وفيالتراجيديا , تخصص عصر البعث في التراجيديا البطولية ,, Heroic Tragedy

الهدف من هذهالتراجيديا هو هدف تعليمي يتضمن فضائل في شكل شجاعه و حب زوجيconjugal

The chief protagonist and writer of heroic tragedy was Dryden.

His first experiment in this type of drama was his play Tyrannical love
Dryden also gives up the literary rules observed by French dramatists and follows the laws of drama formulated by the great dramatists of England

Dryden turns himself away from the conventions of the heroic tragedy, is that he does not give a happy ending to his play.

Dryden presented a model of the new prose. He wrote in a plain, simple and exact style, free from all exaggerations

His fables and the preface to them are fine examples of the prose style which Dryden was introducing
In his twenties, Milton wrote five masterful long poems, each of them influential and important in its own separate way: “On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity,” “Comus,” “Lycidas,” “Il Penseroso,” and “L’Allegro.” Through
Milton honed his skills at writing narrative, dramatic, elegiac, philosophical, and lyrical poetry. اول قصيده له
He had built a firm poetic foundation through his intense study of languages, philosophy, and politic
Milton believed that all poetry served a social, philosophical, and religious purpose
و على أي فإسمه الذي صنعه لم يُخلّد حتى يومنا لكونه مسرحياً و حسب بل كانت عظمته تتمركز في المقام الأول حول الشعر ونقده الادبي
it is not a s a dramatist that he won immortality. His greatness rests chiefly upon his poetry and his literary criticism. As for his dramas, it is only
Dryden was a man of versatile genius. H e distinguished himself as a poet, as a dramatist, and as a critic. He made a name for himself in the writing of both verse and prose. However

طبعا في اشياء مثل التواريخ والاعمال والاسئلة الواضحة ما ذكرتها