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prestigious · 2012- 7- 20

Here is an explanation* of participle clauses:

Use of Participle Clauses

If a clause is shortened using a participle construction, the clause is called participle clause.
Example: Watching TV she forgot everything around her.

In English, participle clauses are mainly used in writing in order to put a lot of information into one sentence.

When shortening or combining clauses with a participle construction, keep the following rules in mind:

• Both clauses should have the same subject.
• The less important part becomes the participle clause. Important information should always be in the main clause.
• Make sure, you use the correct participle form (see above).
• The conjunctions as, because, since and relative pronouns who, which are left out.
• The conjunctions before, when are used in the participle clause.
[I think this should say “can be used,” not “are used.” – rachel]

• The conjunctions after, while can be used or left out.

Participle Clauses with different Subjects

Sometimes participle clauses can be used even if the clauses to be combined do not have the same subject. This is the case for example if the main clause contains one of the following verbs + object:

feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see, smell, watch
Example: I heard him playing the guitar.

Here, the participle clause must directly follow the object it is relating to. (Note: Some of the verbs mentioned here can also be used with the infinitive. For further information see Infinitive or Ing-Form)

A participle construction is also possible, if both subjects are mentioned (often the word 'with' is put before the subject in the participle clause). This is very formal, however, and not often used.
Example:Mrs Jones went to New York. Mr Smith took up her position.
→ (With) Mrs Jones going to New York, Mr Smith took up her position.

ايضا هذه امثله على ing-clauses

وهناك الكثير منها مثل Relative -clauses
ايضا هذه امثله على ing-clauses

1. I stood on the clifftop. I was waving my arms.
Standing on the clifftop, I waved my arms.
2. The plane nearly crashed. It was flying from London to Delhi.
Flying from London to Delhi, the plane nearly crashed.
3. I nearly choked to death. I was eating a dumpling at the time.
I nearly choked to death, eating a dumpling…
4. I had just hung the painting on the wall. Then it fell off.
The painting fell off the wall, having just been hung there.

اعتذر لك والله انا ماعرفها وهذا كل الي كتبته اجتهاد شخصي من مواقع وشرحها مقدرت اوصله بالعربي خانني التعبير

اتركيها راح ندرسها بالمستوى الثالث او الرابع
احسن تفهمينها من المدرس وتخش مخك مره وحده
ولاتفهمينها من شخص مايعرف يشرح او جاهل مثلي

2012- 7- 20	#5
prestigious أكـاديـمـي مـشـارك الملف الشخصي: رقم العضوية : 86489 تاريخ التسجيل: Thu Sep 2011 المشاركات: 12,432 الـجنــس : ذكــر عدد الـنقـاط : 105746 مؤشر المستوى: 286 بيانات الطالب: الكلية: ... الدراسة: انتساب التخصص: الثقة نـجاح كل شيء ! المستوى: المستوى السابع	رد: Ask Anything you want to ask in english Here is an explanation* of participle clauses: Use of Participle Clauses If a clause is shortened using a participle construction, the clause is called participle clause. Example: Watching TV she forgot everything around her. In English, participle clauses are mainly used in writing in order to put a lot of information into one sentence. When shortening or combining clauses with a participle construction, keep the following rules in mind: • Both clauses should have the same subject. • The less important part becomes the participle clause. Important information should always be in the main clause. • Make sure, you use the correct participle form (see above). • The conjunctions as, because, since and relative pronouns who, which are left out. • The conjunctions before, when are used in the participle clause. [I think this should say “can be used,” not “are used.” – rachel] • The conjunctions after, while can be used or left out. Participle Clauses with different Subjects Sometimes participle clauses can be used even if the clauses to be combined do not have the same subject. This is the case for example if the main clause contains one of the following verbs + object: feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see, smell, watch Example: I heard him playing the guitar. Here, the participle clause must directly follow the object it is relating to. (Note: Some of the verbs mentioned here can also be used with the infinitive. For further information see Infinitive or Ing-Form) A participle construction is also possible, if both subjects are mentioned (often the word 'with' is put before the subject in the participle clause). This is very formal, however, and not often used. Example:Mrs Jones went to New York. Mr Smith took up her position. → (With) Mrs Jones going to New York, Mr Smith took up her position. ايضا هذه امثله على ing-clauses وهناك الكثير منها مثل Relative -clauses ايضا هذه امثله على ing-clauses 1. I stood on the clifftop. I was waving my arms. Standing on the clifftop, I waved my arms. 2. The plane nearly crashed. It was flying from London to Delhi. Flying from London to Delhi, the plane nearly crashed. 3. I nearly choked to death. I was eating a dumpling at the time. I nearly choked to death, eating a dumpling… 4. I had just hung the painting on the wall. Then it fell off. The painting fell off the wall, having just been hung there. اعتذر لك والله انا ماعرفها وهذا كل الي كتبته اجتهاد شخصي من مواقع وشرحها مقدرت اوصله بالعربي خانني التعبير اتركيها راح ندرسها بالمستوى الثالث او الرابع احسن تفهمينها من المدرس وتخش مخك مره وحده ولاتفهمينها من شخص مايعرف يشرح او جاهل مثلي